Learning

Bailenson, Jeremy, Jonathan You, David Markowitz, Gustav Petersen, Rabindra Ratan, Monique Santoso, and Portia Wang. “An Explication and Classroom Field Study of the Virtual Human Interaction Lab’s Expert (VHIL-E) LLM”, Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, March 1, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1177/21522715261423752.

Wei, Jishang, Erika Siegel, Prahalathan Sundaramoorthy, Antonio` Gomes, Shibo Zhang, Mithra Vankipuram, Kevin Smathers, Sarthak Ghosh, Hiroshi Horii, Jeremy Bailenson, and Rafael Ballagas. “Cognitive Load Inference Using Physiological Markers in Virtual Reality”, 2025.

Srirangarajan, Tara, Portia Wang, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Multimodal Analytics in Virtual Reality (In Press)”, Plass, J., Mayer, R. & Makransky, G. (Eds.), The Handbook of Learning in Virtual Reality, 2025.

Wang, Portia, Tara Srirangarajan, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Social Processes of Learning in Virtual Reality (In Press)”, Plass, J., Mayer, R. & Makransky, G. (Eds.), The Handbook of Learning in Virtual Reality, 2025.

Ratan, Rabindra, Qiyang Lin, Chaeyun Lim, Rinseo Park, Alex Lover, Eugy Han, Dayeoun Jang, Alex Leith, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Time Matters in VR: Students Benefit from Longer VR Class Duration, But Certain Outcomes Decline After 45 Minutes, With Large Individual Variance”, Computers & Education, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105328.

Han, Eugy, Portia Wang, Cyan DeVeaux, Gabriella Harari, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Understanding the Role of Virtual Mobility on How and What People Create in Virtual Reality”, Thinking Skills and Creativity, 56 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101699.

Wang, Portia, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Virtual Reality As a Research Tool”, Reimer, L. van Swol., & A. Florack (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Communication and Social Cognition, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003411741-47.

Han, Eugy, Ian Strate, Kristine Nowak, and Jeremy Bailenson. “How Different Training Types and Computer Anxiety Influence Performance and Experiences in Virtual Reality”, Media and Communication, 12 (November 27, 2024). https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.8730.

Han, Eugy, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Lessons for in Virtual Classrooms: Designing a Model for Classrooms Inside Virtual Reality”, Communication Education, 73, no. 2 (March 20, 2024): 234-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/03634523.2024.2312879.

Kuvar, Vishal, Jeremy Bailenson, and Caitlin Mills. “A Novel Quantitative Assessment of Engagement in Virtual Reality: Task- Unrelated Thought Is Reduced Compared to 2D Videos”, Computers & Education, November 10, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104959.

Han, E., Miller, C. DeVeaux, H. Jun, K.L. Nowak, J.T. Hancock, N. Ram, and J.N. Bailenson. “People, Places, and Time: A Large-Scale, Longitudinal Study of Transformed Avatars and Environmental Context in Group Interaction in the Metaverse”, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, January 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmac031.

Queiroz, A., E. McGivney, S. Liu, C. Anderson, B. Beams, C. DeVeaux, K. Frazier, E. Han, M. Miller, X. Petersen, E. Woolsey, J. Hancock, and J. Bailenson. “Collaborative Tasks in Immersive Virtual Reality Increase Learning”, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning-CSCL 2023, 2023.

Queiroz, A.C.M., G. Fauville, A.T. Abeles, A. Levett, and J.N. Bailenson. “The Efficacy of Virtual Reality on Climate Change Education Increases With Amount of Body Movement and Message Specificity”, Sustainability, 15, no. 7 (2023): 5814. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15075814.

Han, Eugy, Mark Miller, Nilam Ram, Kristine Nowak, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Understanding Group Behavior in Virtual Reality: A Large-Scale, Longitudinal Study in the Metaverse”. 72nd Annual International Communication Association Conference, Paris, France, May 18, 2022.

Queiroz, A.C.M., G. Fauville, F. Herrera, M.I.S. Leme, and J.N. Bailenson. “Do Students Learn Better With Immersive Virtual Reality Videos Than Conventional Videos? A Comparison of Media Effects With Middle School Girls”., Technology, Mind and Behavior, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1037/tmb0000082.

Han, E., K. Nowak, and J. Bailenson. “Prerequisites for Learning in Networked Immersive Virtual Reality”, Technology, Mind, and Behavior, 3, no. 4 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1037/tmb0000094.

Ahn, Sun Joo, Kristine Nowak, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Unintended Consequences of Spatial Presence on Learning in Virtual Reality”, Computers & Education, 186 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104532.

Pimentel, Daniel, Ricardo Amaya, Shiva Halan, Sri Kalyanaraman, and Jeremy Bailenson. “Climate Change on Your Plate: A VR Seafood Buffet Experience”, 2019 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), March 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/VR.2019.8798076.

Sonalkar, N., A. Mabogunje, M.R. Miller, J.N. Bailenson, and L. Leifer. “Augmenting Learning of Design Teamwork Using Immersive Virtual Reality”, Design Thinking Research. Understanding Innovation, 2019, 67-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28960-7_.

Chang, F., M. Luo, G. Walton, L. Aguilar, and J. Bailenson. “Stereotype Threat in Virtual Learning Environments: Effects of Avatar Gender and Sexist Behavior on Women’s Math Learning Outcomes”, Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 2019.